Excel OFFSET Function (2024)

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Function Description

The Excel Offset function returns range of cells that is a specified number of rows and columns froman initial specified range.

The user can specify the size of the returned cell range.

The syntax of the Offset function is:

OFFSET( reference, rows, cols,[height], [width] )

where the function arguments are listed in the following table:


reference-The cell range that is to be offset (can be either a single cell or multiple cells).
rows-The number of rows from the start (upper left) of the supplied reference,to the start of the returned range.
cols-The number of columns from the start (upper left) of the supplied reference,to the start of the returned range.
[height]-

An optional argument that specifies the height of the returned range.

If omitted, the returned range is the same height as the supplied reference.
[width]-

An optional argument that specifies the width of the returned range.

If omitted, the returned range is the same width as the supplied reference.

If the optional [height] and [width] arguments areomitted, the returned range is the same height and width as the supplied reference range.

If the returned range relates to invalid cells (e.g. cells that are beyond the edge of the spreadsheet),the Offset function returns an error.

The Offset Function as an Array Formula

If the Offset function is used alone (i.e. not supplied directly to another function), and thereturned range consists of more than one cell, the Offset function must either be entered as anArray Formula).

To input an array formula, you need to first highlight the range of cells that are to contain thefunction result. Type your function into the first cell of the range, and pressCtrl + Shift+ Enter.

This is illustrated in Examples 2 & 3 below.

Offset Function Examples

In each of the following Offset function examples, the reference rangeis highlighted in green and the returned offset range is shown in red.

Example 1

Excel OFFSET Function (1)

In the above example on the right, theExcel Offset function is used to offset cell A3 by three rows and one column. This returns a referenceto cell B6, and so the value of cell B6 is displayed.

As shown in the formula bar, the formula used is:

=OFFSET( A3, 3, 1 )

Note that, in this example:

  • The height and width of the returned range are the same as the reference range.Therefore the [height] and [width] arguments can beomitted from the function.

Example 2

Excel OFFSET Function (2)

In the above example on the right, theOffset function is used to offset cell A3 by three rows and one column and to return a range that spansone row and four columns. This returns the range, B6-E6.

As shown in the formula bar, the formula used is:

=OFFSET( A3, 3, 1, 1, 4 )

Note that, in this example:

  • As the results of the Offset function are to occupy more than one cell, it has been necessary toenter the function as an Array Formula.This can be seen by the curly braces that surround the formula in the formula bar.
  • The width of the returned range is greater than the width of the referencerange. Therefore the [height] and [width]arguments have been used to specify the dimensions of the offset range.

Example 3

Excel OFFSET Function (3)

In the above example on the right, theOffset function is used to offset cells B3-E3 by three rows (and zero columns). This returns therange, B6-E6.

As shown in the formula bar, the formula used is:

=OFFSET( B3:E3, 3, 0 )

Note that, in this example:

  • Again, as the results of the Offset function are entered into more than one cell, the function hasbeen entered as an Array Formula(shown by the curly braces that surround the formula in the formula bar).
  • The dimensions of the returned range are the same as the dimensions of thereference range and so the [height] and[width] arguments have been omitted from the function call.

Example 4

Excel OFFSET Function (4)

In the above example on the right, theOffset function is used to offset cell E3 by one row and minus three columns. This returns the rangeB4-B10 (containing the figures for week 1). The returned range is then provided as an argument tothe Excel SUM function.

As shown in the formula bar, the formula used is:

=SUM( OFFSET( E3, 1, -3, 7 ) )

Note that, in this example:

  • The array of values returned by the Offset function is directly input to theExcel SUM function, which returns a single value.Therefore, the formula does not need to be entered as an array formula.
  • The height of the offset range is greater than the height of the referencerange and so the [height] argument is input as the value 7.
  • The width of the offset range is the same as the width of the referencerange and so the [width] argument has been omitted from the function.

For further details and examples of the Excel Offset function, see theMicrosoft Office website.


Offset Function Errors

If you get an error from the Excel Offset Function, this is likely to be one of the following:

Common Errors

#REF!-Occurs if the range resulting from the requested offset is invalid (e.g. extends beyond the edge of the worksheet).
#VALUE!-Occurs if any the supplied rows, cols,[height] or [width] arguments are non-numeric.


Return to the List of All Built-In Excel Functions

Excel OFFSET Function (2024)

FAQs

Why not to use offset Excel? ›

Spreadsheet gurus hate OFFSET because it is a volatile function. If you go to a completely unrelated cell and enter a number, all of the OFFSET functions will calculate. Even if that cell has nothing to do with H1 or B2.

What is the offset rule in Excel? ›

What is Excel's OFFSET function? Excel's OFFSET function is a formula that uses instructions and a starting point to move to other cells and return their values. The OFFSET formula is as follows:=OFFSET(reference,rows,cols,[height],[width])The first three arguments are compulsory, while the last two are optional.

What is the error in offset function in Excel? ›

If rows and cols offset reference over the edge of the worksheet, OFFSET returns the #REF! error value. If height or width is omitted, it is assumed to be the same height or width as reference. OFFSET doesn't actually move any cells or change the selection; it just returns a reference.

Does offset formula slow down Excel? ›

The OFFSET function is volatile, so it could slow down a workbook if used in too many cells. Instead, you could use a non-volatile function, like INDEX, to return a reference.

What is a non volatile alternative to offset in Excel? ›

Unlike OFFSET, the INDEX function is not volatile, so it won't slow down your Excel. Using the INDIRECT function you can create dynamic range references from many sources such as cell values, cell values and text, named ranges. It can also dynamically refer to another Excel sheet or workbook.

Is offset volatile in Excel? ›

Problem: OFFSET is a volatile function. It breaks the smart recalc feature of Excel. A single OFFSET function near the top of the worksheet will cause every formula in the calculation chain to recalc constantly. Strategy: There is a very unusual syntax of INDEX which replaces OFFSET .

What is the difference between match and offset in Excel? ›

The MATCH function can be used to find the position of a value in a singe row or column range. This is used to find the position (or row number) of the value you are looking up in the necessary column. The OFFSET function can be used to locate the corresponding cell in any column by offsetting from its column heading.

What is the indirect and offset function in Excel? ›

The INDIRECT and OFFSET are Volatile functions, that cause recalculation of the formula in the cell where it resides every time Excel recalculates. In workbooks with large data sets and lots of formulas, adding a volatile function can make the worksheet feel sluggish.

What is the offset function for dynamic range in Excel? ›

The OFFSET function in Excel lets you find a cell or range of cells by moving a certain number of rows and columns from a starting cell. This is very useful for creating dynamic ranges and calculations that can change automatically as your data changes.

What is an offset error? ›

Offset error is the difference between the center of the least significant code and the center of the same code on an ideal ADC with the same number of bits. Offset error is usually reported in units of the least significant bit (LSB) of the converter. One LSB is equivalent to the converter's quantization interval.

What is the difference between error and offset? ›

Error – the difference between the measured variable and the set point. The error can be either positive or negative. In our example, if the measured temperature is 108°C, then the error is +8°C. Offset – a sustained deviation of the process variable from the set point.

What is the practical use of offset function in Excel? ›

OFFSET is a great formula to keep in mind when you need to create reports that involve moving data ranges. Some examples are: Calculating the average of the last three months when you add new data to your table. Getting data from the last cell in your raw data range – either last row or last column in that range.

What slows down Excel the most? ›

Avoid complex mega-formulas and array formulas. In general, it is better to have more rows and columns and fewer complex calculations. This gives both the smart recalculation and the multithreaded calculation in Excel a better opportunity to optimize the calculations.

Is offset faster than index in Excel? ›

The INDEX function is fast and is a non-volatile function, which speeds up recalculation. The OFFSET function is also fast; however, it is a volatile function, and it sometimes significantly increases the time taken to process the calculation chain.

What is the difference between index and offset in Excel? ›

Regarding the differences between INDEX() and OFFSET(), we can say that INDEX() is used to "directly" indicate an array/range of cells, while OFFSET() if used to indicate a reference to a range that is located at a specified number of rows and columns from another cell (or range of cells).

What is the purpose of offset? ›

The goal of offsetting is to reduce an investor's net position in an investment to zero so that no further gains or losses are experienced from that position. In business, an offset refers to the generation of gains in one business unit that makes up for losses in another unit.

What is Excel not good for? ›

Spreadsheets create ample opportunities for accidental data loss, which makes it impossible to share crucial data and information. Most importantly, the data sets can't be shared in real-time, which happen to be a severe disadvantage.

Why do we use offset in query? ›

As with the keyword LIMIT , the keyword OFFSET is used to determine which rows in a dataset to return based on their position in the query results, not by their values. OFFSET dictates the number of rows to skip from the beginning of the returned data before presenting the results.

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